I would say "callback hell" and CPS are pretty much synonymous. And https://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/wiki/List-of-lang... has a section for "Synchronous to Asynchronous JavaScript Compilers (CPS)." My ChoppaScript currently has support for many textual macros that alleviate this issue, not that I use any of them. :-p
I actually prefer JS to most of these CPS-transforming variants of JS. I like having asynchrony be independent from imperative control flow, with no awkward questions about how "finally" and nonlocal exits are supposed to work.
Much like Arc, it has certain abstraction leaks it doesn't close, without actually embracing the JavaScript platform that's leaking through:
"You'll notice in the last example that we can call native functions on objects. This is a funny result from the fact that Scheme identifiers allow "." in them, and Outlet simply copies the name into the javascript code. Javascript then evaluates it like normal. I don't intend build anything on this though. If you want to write javascript, write javascript."
However, like Arc, it has a rather concise implementation.
